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Browsing by Modern (1800–1945)
Treaties
54 resultsAdams-Onís Treaty
Americas
The Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819, a landmark agreement, ceded Florida to the United States and defined the boundary between U.S. and Spanish territories in North America.
Alaska Purchase Treaty
Americas
The Alaska Purchase Treaty marked the United States' strategic expansion into the North Pacific, acquiring vast resources and reshaping North American geopolitics.
Anglo-Iraqi Treaty
Middle East
The Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1930 marked a pivotal step towards Iraq's nominal independence while maintaining British influence in the region.
Anglo-Irish Treaty
Europe
The treaty that established the Irish Free State and marked a pivotal step in Ireland's path to independence from British rule.
Anglo-Japanese Alliance
Asia
The Anglo-Japanese Alliance of 1902 marked the first military alliance between a European and an Asian power, reshaping international relations in the early 20th century.
Anglo-Russian Entente
Europe
The Anglo-Russian Entente of 1907 marked the end of the Great Game, reshaping geopolitical alliances in Central Asia and Europe.
Anti-Comintern Pact
Global
The Anti-Comintern Pact of 1936 marked a pivotal alliance against communism, setting the stage for Axis cooperation in World War II.
Atlantic Charter
Global
The Atlantic Charter laid the groundwork for the post-World War II international order and the principles of self-determination and economic cooperation.
Berlin Conference Act
Africa
The Berlin Conference Act of 1885 formalized the Scramble for Africa, setting the rules for European colonization and dramatically reshaping the continent's political landscape.
Bretton Woods Agreement
Global
The Bretton Woods Agreement established the post-war international monetary system, creating the IMF and World Bank to stabilize global economies.
Congress of Vienna
Europe
The Congress of Vienna redefined European borders and established a framework for international diplomacy after the Napoleonic Wars.
Entente Cordiale
Europe
The Entente Cordiale of 1904 marked a pivotal shift in European diplomacy, resolving colonial disputes between Great Britain and France and laying the groundwork for future alliances.
Kellogg-Briand Pact
Global
The Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928 was a landmark international agreement that sought to renounce war as a tool of national policy, setting a precedent for future peace efforts.
Lateran Treaty
Europe
The Lateran Treaty of 1929 resolved the longstanding Roman Question, establishing Vatican City as an independent state and redefining the relationship between Italy and the Holy See.
Locarno Treaties
Europe
The Locarno Treaties of 1925 aimed to stabilize post-World War I Europe by guaranteeing Germany's western borders and fostering a spirit of reconciliation.
Louisiana Purchase Treaty
Americas
The Louisiana Purchase Treaty doubled the size of the United States and marked a pivotal moment in American expansionism.
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
Europe
The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact of 1939, a non-aggression treaty between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, secretly divided Eastern Europe into spheres of influence, setting the stage for World War II.
Munich Agreement
Europe
The Munich Agreement of 1938, a pivotal act of appeasement, ceded the Sudetenland to Nazi Germany, setting the stage for World War II.
Potsdam Agreement
Europe
The Potsdam Agreement of 1945 established the framework for post-war Europe, reshaping borders and setting the stage for the Cold War.
Simla Convention
Asia
The Simla Convention of 1914 sought to define Tibet's status and demarcate borders between British India, Tibet, and China, but ultimately failed due to China's non-ratification.
Sykes-Picot Agreement
Middle East
The secret agreement that reshaped the Middle East by partitioning the Ottoman Empire between Britain and France.
Treaty of Aigun
Asia
The Treaty of Aigun redefined the territorial boundaries between Qing China and the Russian Empire, significantly altering the geopolitical landscape of Manchuria.
Treaty of Amiens
Europe
The Treaty of Amiens temporarily halted hostilities between Britain and France during the Napoleonic Wars, marking a brief period of peace in Europe.
Treaty of Berlin (1878)
Europe
The Treaty of Berlin (1878) reshaped the Balkans and recalibrated European power dynamics following the Russo-Turkish War.
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Europe
The treaty that marked Soviet Russia's exit from World War I, reshaping Eastern Europe and setting the stage for future conflicts.
Treaty of Fez
Africa
The Treaty of Fez established French control over Morocco, marking a significant moment in colonial history.
Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814)
Europe
The Treaty of Fontainebleau marked the end of Napoleon's reign and his first exile, reshaping European political dynamics.
Treaty of Frankfurt
Europe
The Treaty of Frankfurt ended the Franco-Prussian War and marked the unification of Germany, reshaping European geopolitics.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Americas
The treaty that concluded the Mexican-American War, ceding vast territories to the United States and reshaping North America.
Treaty of Jeddah (1927)
Middle East
The Treaty of Jeddah (1927) marked the British recognition of the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd, laying the groundwork for the modern state of Saudi Arabia.
Treaty of Kanagawa
Asia
The Treaty of Kanagawa marked the end of Japan's isolationist policy and opened its ports to American trade, reshaping international relations in the Pacific.
Treaty of Lausanne
Middle East
The Treaty of Lausanne redefined the boundaries of modern Turkey and marked the end of the Ottoman Empire's territorial disputes with the Allied Powers.
Treaty of Moscow (1940)
Europe
The Treaty of Moscow (1940) concluded the Winter War, redrawing Finland's borders and altering the balance of power in Northern Europe.
Treaty of Nanking
Asia
The Treaty of Nanking marked the end of the First Opium War, ceding Hong Kong to Britain and opening China to foreign trade under unequal terms.
Treaty of Paris (1856)
Europe
The Treaty of Paris (1856) concluded the Crimean War, reshaping European geopolitics and establishing the Black Sea as a neutral territory.
Treaty of Paris (1898)
Global
The treaty that ended the Spanish-American War, marking the United States' emergence as a global power through territorial acquisitions.
Treaty of Portsmouth
Asia
The Treaty of Portsmouth ended the Russo-Japanese War, marking a significant shift in global power dynamics by recognizing Japan as a major world power.
Treaty of Prague (1866)
Europe
The Treaty of Prague (1866) ended the Austro-Prussian War, marking the rise of Prussian dominance in German affairs and reshaping Central Europe.
Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Europe
The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye dismantled the Austro-Hungarian Empire, reshaping Central Europe in the aftermath of World War I.
Treaty of San Stefano
Europe
The Treaty of San Stefano marked a pivotal moment in Balkan history, reshaping the region's political landscape and setting the stage for future conflicts.
Treaty of Shimonoseki
Asia
The Treaty of Shimonoseki marked the end of the First Sino-Japanese War, significantly altering the balance of power in East Asia by recognizing Japan's dominance over Korea and ceding Taiwan to Japanese control.
Treaty of Sèvres
Middle East
The Treaty of Sèvres attempted to dismantle the Ottoman Empire, reshaping the Middle East but ultimately failing to be implemented.
Treaty of Tianjin (1885)
Asia
The Treaty of Tianjin (1885) concluded the Sino-French War, redefining colonial influence in Southeast Asia.
Treaty of Tientsin
Asia
The Treaty of Tientsin marked a pivotal moment in colonial diplomacy, opening China to Western powers and reshaping its sovereignty.
Treaty of Tilsit
Europe
The Treaty of Tilsit reshaped European alliances, solidifying Napoleon's dominance and humiliating Prussia.
Treaty of Trianon
Europe
The Treaty of Trianon redrew the map of Central Europe, drastically reducing Hungary's territory and reshaping its national identity.
Treaty of Versailles (1919)
Europe
The Treaty of Versailles reshaped Europe and laid the groundwork for future conflicts by imposing punitive conditions on Germany after World War I.
Treaty of Waitangi
Oceania
The Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand while promising protection of Māori land rights, leading to long-term legal and cultural implications.
Treaty of the Bogue
Asia
The Treaty of the Bogue solidified British commercial dominance in China by granting most-favored-nation status and extraterritorial rights following the First Opium War.
Triple Alliance Treaty
Europe
The Triple Alliance Treaty of 1882 forged a pivotal military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, reshaping European geopolitics in the late 19th century.
United Nations Charter
Global
The United Nations Charter established the framework for international cooperation and peacekeeping in the post-World War II era.
United Nations Declaration
Global
The United Nations Declaration of 1942 solidified the Allied commitment to defeat the Axis powers during World War II.
Washington Naval Treaty
Global
The Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 marked a pivotal moment in disarmament, aiming to prevent naval arms races and promote peace after World War I.
Yalta Agreement
Global
The Yalta Agreement reshaped post-war Europe and laid the groundwork for the Cold War by dividing spheres of influence among the Allies.